Publications

Educational Publications

  • This is a monograph on “Quantum Mechanics of Photon and Biphoton Experiments” that I give to students who start working on photon experiments. It gets periodic updates.
  • This is a preprint of an article about these experiments that will appear in AIP Proceedings. It willbe in a collection of proceedings of the Quantum Fest conference (Mexico, 2021).
  • A summary of our efforts to offer quantum labs in a remote setting: “Remote Quantum Optics Labs” E.J. Galvez, Proc. SPIE 11701, 1170106 (2021)
  • A demonstration of QKD for the undergraduate laboratory: “A Demonstration of Quantum Key Distribution with Entangled Photons for the Undergraduate Laboratory,” Aayam Bista, Baibhav Sharma and Enrique J. Galvez, American Journal of Physics 89, 111 (2021).
  • A demonstration of a delayed choice experiment. We did this development at Colgate in 2016. It is in press to appear published in the European Journal of Physics: “A Time-Energy Delayed-Choice Interference Experiment for the Undergraduate Laboratory,” Jhonny Castrillon, Enrique J. Galvez, Boris A. Rodriguez, Omar Calderon-Losada European Journal of Physics 40, 055401 (2019). Much of the credit goes to Jhonny Castrillon, who reach out and came to Colgate for a few months to learn the labs and to do a new demonstration. Our other collaborators provided with their theoretical expertise.
  • In the last year we did an experiment: to do the quantum labs in a new configuration where photons go in opposite directions. This was reported in the proceedings of ETOP: “Quantum optics laboratories to teach quantum physics,” E.J. Galvez, Proceedings of SPIE 11143, 111431A (2019).
  • A recent 2014 review article on the photon experiments lists all previous efforts, including citations to the original articles that inspired the experiments plus useful discussions: “Resource Letter SPE-1: Single-Photon Experiments in the Undergraduate Laboratory,” E.J. Galvez, American Journal of Physics 82, 1018-1028 (2014).
  • My colleagues from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico made this beautiful experiment setting up the Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer: “The Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer in the undergraduate laboratory,” J. Carivioto-Lagos, G. Armendariz P., V. Velazquez, E. Lopez-Moreno, M. Grether, and E.J. Galvez, European Journal of Physics 33, 1843 (2012).
  • We have taught “Introduction to Quantum Mechanics” (Phys434) with a lab since 2005. A description of the quantum mechanics algebra used with these labs in appeared in the May 2010 issue of the American Journal of Physics: “Qubit Quantum Mechanics with Correlated Photon Experiments,” E.J. Galvez, American Journal of Physics 78 510-519 (2010). 
  • A general article on this project appeared as a book chapter: “Undergraduate Laboratories Using Correlated Photons: Experiments on the Fundamentals of Quantum Physics,” E.J.Galvez, in Invention and Impact: Building Excellence in Undergraduate Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Education, (AAAS, 2004) pp 113-118.
  • This was our first report of the experiments: “Interference with correlated photons: Five quantum mechanics experiments for undergraduates,”  E. J. Galvez, C. H. Holbrow, M. J. Pysher, J. W. Martin, N. Courtemanche, L. Heilig, and J. Spencer,  Am. J. of Phys. 73, 127-140 (2005) [Erratum: in Eq. 13, k0 in the Dirac delta should be multiplied by 2 (thanks to J.-T. Shen); page 139, 1st column, before-last line: should read ne = 1.561 instead of ne = 1.542–the latter is the extraordinary index of refraction at 915.8 nm.]. Some of the equipment details in this publication are a bit dated. See recent publications above for more latest equipment options. 
  • Our original ideas were published in the American Journal of Physics [C.H. Holbrow, E.J. Galvez and M.E. Parks, “Photon Quantum Mechanics and beam splitters,” Am. J. Phys. 70, 260-265 (2002)

Research Publications

We also embarked in publications that grew out of student capstone research projects:

  • We got into looking at the spatial modes of single photons. The results of our efforts to measure the helical mode of single photons appeared published in May 2010: “InterferometricMeasurementofthe Helical Mode  of a Single Photon,” E.J. Galvez, L.E. Coyle, E. Johnson, and B.J. Reschovsky, New Journal of Physics 13, 053017 1-10 (2011).
  • Bell inequalities on single photons entangled in space and polarization: “Bell-Inequality Violations with Single Photons Entangled in Momentum and Polarization,” B.R. Gadway, E.J. Galvez, and F. De Zela, Journal of Physics B 42, 015503 1-9 (2009). PDF This paper was selected as one of the highlight papers of the journal in 2009! Byrce Gadway was also the recipient of the 2008 Apker Award of the American Physical Society for this work.
  • Remote interferometer. This is a really cool experiment. Correlations between entangled photons are manipulated in such a way that the phase of the interference pattern of photons going through an interferometer is changed by actions on entangled photons that do not go through the interferometer. “Phase Shifting of an Interferometer using Nonlocal Quantum-State Correlations,” E.J. Galvez, M. Malik,* and B.C. Melius,* Physical Review A-Rapid Communications 75, 020302(R) (2007). Reprint
  • The Entangled Quantum Eraser. This is an experiment with entangled photons where the labeling of paths of photons going through an interferometer is done by entangled partners in a remote location. “Nonlocal Labeling of Paths in a Single-Photon Interferometer,” M.J. Pysher,* E.J. Galvez, K. Misra,* K.R. Wilson,* B.C. Melius,* and M. Malik* Physical Review A 72, 052327 (2005). Reprint.